Since September 2018, GPF has been used on all new gasoline cars with direct injection (GDI) to reduce particle emissions. But what does this mean for you as a car owner, especially if you are considering upgrading your exhaust system? In this guide, we cover everything you need to know about OPF and GPF.
Are OPF and GPF the same?
Yes, OPF (Otto Particulate Filter) and GPF (Gasoline Particulate Filter) actually refer to the same technology. Both terms describe a filter designed to reduce harmful particles in the exhaust gas from gasoline engines. The difference in the name is because OPF refers to gasoline engines (Otto engines), while GPF is a more general term for gasoline particulate filters.
How does GPF affect my car?
The installation of a GPF can have an impact on your car's performance and sound:
- Performance: GPF can create a slight resistance in the exhaust system, which can reduce the engine's airflow and thus affect the car's performance.
- Sound: Many tuning enthusiasts notice that the exhaust sound becomes more muted, which can be disappointing for those who want a more powerful sound from their car.
Fortunately, there are aftermarket exhaust systems, such as those from Milltek, designed to improve the sound without removing the GPF, so you can still comply with emission requirements.
What is the purpose of GPF / OPF?
GPF is developed to reduce the amount of harmful particles in the exhaust gas. This helps make cars more environmentally friendly and ensures they comply with the increasingly stringent emission requirements, especially in Europe. GPF works in the same way as diesel particulate filters (DPF) but is specifically designed for gasoline engines.
Can you remove GPF, and is it legal?
Although it is technically possible to remove GPF, it is not legal in Denmark and many other countries. Removing GPF will most likely make your car illegal for road use as it will no longer comply with emission requirements. If your car does not meet emission requirements, it will also not pass inspection.
Additionally, removing GPF can result in fines and legal issues as authorities crack down on tampering with emission control systems. It is therefore best to leave the filter intact.
Is a catalytic converter and OPF the same?
No, a catalytic converter and an OPF (Otto Particulate Filter) are not the same, although both aim to reduce exhaust emissions from your car. Their functions and technologies are different:
- Catalytic Converter: A catalytic converter is designed to reduce harmful gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) by converting them into less harmful substances such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), water (H₂O), and nitrogen (N₂) through chemical reactions. It uses a coating of precious metals such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium to accelerate these reactions.
- OPF/GPF (Otto Particulate Filter/Gasoline Particulate Filter): An OPF, on the other hand, is specifically designed to capture and filter soot particles from gasoline engines, especially those with direct injection. The particulate filter collects small particles in a honeycomb-like filter, which are later burned off at high temperatures through a process called regeneration.
Although both a catalytic converter and an OPF/GPF are part of modern exhaust systems, they work in different ways and address different types of emissions. Typically, a car will have both systems installed to comply with strict emission standards, especially in Europe.
How do you know if your car has OPF/GPF?
If you are considering buying a new exhaust system for your car, it is important to find out if your car is equipped with a GPF. This can affect whether the exhaust system fits correctly. Here are some ways to find out if your car has a GPF:
- Check the car's registration papers or manual for information on emission equipment.
- Contact your car dealer or manufacturer with the car's VIN (Vehicle Identification Number).
- Modern cars (produced after September 2018) usually have GPF, especially if they have a direct gasoline injection (GDI) engine.
It is important to choose an exhaust system that is compatible with GPF to avoid errors and ensure that your car complies with emission requirements.
Summary
GPF/OPF is a necessity for modern gasoline cars to meet strict emission requirements. Although it can affect performance and sound slightly, it is illegal to remove the filter. When choosing a new exhaust system, make sure it is compatible with your car, especially if it has a GPF. This way, you can get the best out of your car without compromising the law.
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